Advances in necroptosis and HIV-1 infection

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) forms latent infection in cells, and the mechanism of latent HIV-1 infection remains unclear. As a result, current anti-retroviral therapies are unable to completely eradicate HIV-1 in infected individuals. Necroptosis, as a regulated form of cell death, can occur in several types of HIV-1-infected immune cells. At the same time, HIV can escape from cell death by inhibiting intracellular necroptosis- associated signaling pathways, which is conducive to the formation of HIV latent reservoir. In addition, necroptosis occurs mainly in HIV-1-infected cells and does not cause damage to nearby uninfected cells, which may be a potential target for targeted clearance of HIV latent reservoirs. This paper reviews the occurrence of necroptosis in HIV-1-infected cells and the related mechanisms, with a view of providing a reference for subsequent studies on the mechanisms related to HIV-1 latent infection.