Tumor inhibitory effect of 2-dodecyl-6-methoxy-2, 5-diene-1, 4-cyclohexanedione on Lewis lung cancer mice

Objective:To study the tumor inhibitory effect of 2-dodecyl-6-methoxy-2, 5-diene-1, 4-cyclohexanedione (DMDD) isolated from the root of Averrhoa carambola L.on Lewis lung cancer mice and its possible mechanism.Methods:A subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of Lewis lung cancer mice was constructed with C57BL/6 mice and randomly divided into model group, cisplatin group, low-dose DMDD group, mediumdose DMDD group and high-dose DMDD group, with 8 mice in each group.After 14 days of administration, tumor inhibitory rate and organ index were calculated.The levels of inflammatory factorsinterleukin-1(IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in transplanted tumor tissues were detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of transplanted tumor tissue, and western blotting was used to detect B-cell lymphoblastoma gene-2(Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 (p65) and phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) protein expression levels in tumor tissues.Results:The tumor growth was slow in all DMDD groups and the cisplatin group, and the tumor inhibitory rates were 51.08%, 39.81%, 46.92%and 56.98%, respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the lung index and spleen index between the DMDD high-dose group and the model group (P< 0.01).Compared with the model group, the levels of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α in all DMDD groups decreased (P< 0.05).After administration of DMDD, the necrotic area was obvious, the cell arrangement was loose, and the nucleus was solidified.Compared with the model group, the relative expression levels of Bcl-2 protein in medium-dose and high-dose DMDD groups significantly decreased, as well as the cisplatin group (P< 0.05), the relative expression levels of Bax protein in all DMDD dose groups and the cisplatin group increased, while the P-P65/p65 ratio significantly decreased (all P< 0.05).Conclusion:DMDD can inhibit tumor growth in Lewis lung cancer mice, possibly by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway to induce apoptosis in lung cancer cells, thereby exerting an anti-tumor effect.