Abstract: Chronic endometritis (CE) is a persistent, low-intensity endometrial inflammation, characterized by the infiltration of plasma cells into the endometrial stroma, thereby impacting the local microenvironment. However, due to the lack of typical clinical symptoms, it has historically been neglected in clinical settings. Recently, a growing body of research has demonstrated a significant correlation between CE and adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as recurrent pregnancy loss and repeated implantation failure. This has made CE a key focus in the field of assisted reproductive technology. This review aims to synthesize the latest advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of CE, so as to provide clinical practitioners and researchers with updated references.