Abstract: Thalassemia is an inherited hemolytic anemia caused by gene mutations that lead to impaired synthesis of globin peptide chains. In China, there are a large number of thalassemia gene carriers, among whom approximately 300, 000 individuals suffer from thalassemia major（TM） or intermediate thalassemia. TM necessitates lifelong blood transfusions and iron chelation therapy, which entail high treatment costs. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the preferred curative treatment for TM. Over the past decade, both the transplantation methods and therapeutic outcomes have been continuously improved. This article reviews the efficacy and development of transplantation with different donors for thalassemia. We also briefly discuss the conditioning regimens and complications, aiming to provide a reference for clinical treatment.