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    不同生长年限亳白芍内生真菌多样性和抑菌活性研究

    Diversity and antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora in different growth years

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 研究不同生长年限亳白芍内生真菌组成差异性及其抑菌活性，为亳白芍内生真菌资源的开发与利用奠定基础。
      方法 采用形态学和分子生物学相结合的方法，对不同生长年限亳白芍的内生真菌进行分离鉴定。通过平板对峙法和菌丝生长抑制法进行抗真菌活性筛选。
      结果 共从亳白芍中分离鉴定内生真菌242株，隶属35属51种。其中镰刀菌属(Fusarium)和黑管菌属(Bjerkandera)为优势菌属，分别占总分离菌数的25.61%和10.33%。在平板对峙实验中，哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)对6种植物病原菌均有显著的抑制作用，其中对牡丹炭疽菌(Colletotrichum loeosporium)、茄子绵疫菌(Phytophthora parasitica)、小麦纹枯菌(Rhizotonia cerealis)、烟草蛇眼菌(Cercospora nicotianae)、油菜菌核菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)和玉米穗腐菌(Fusarium graminearum)的抑制率分别为77.13%、70.77%、75.30%、78.26%、81.07%和86.50%。在固体发酵抑制实验中，100 mg/mL次生代谢物浓度下，球毛壳菌(Chaetomium globosum)对小麦纹枯菌的抑制率为64.98%。在液体发酵抑制试验中，100 mg/mL次生代谢物浓度下，芝麻链格孢(Alternaria sesame)对玉米穗腐菌的抑制率为63.29%。
      结论 亳白芍内生真菌群落结构丰富，不同生长年限植株内生真菌具有一定差异性。亳白芍内生真菌及其次生代谢产物的抑菌活性为开发生态友好型抗菌药物提供参考。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective To study the differences in endophytic fungal composition and antibacterial activity of Paeonia lactiflora (P. lactiflora) roots in different growth years, so as to lay a foundation for the development and utilization of P. lactiflora's fungal resources.
      Methods Based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence, endophytic fungi from the roots of P. lactiflora in different growth years were isolated and identified. Antimicrobial activity was screened using the plate confrontation method and the hyphal growth inhibition rate method.
      Results A total of 242 endophytic fungal isolates belonging to 35 genera and 51 species were obtained and identified from the roots of P. lactiflora. Among them, Fusarium and Bjerkandera were the dominant bacterial genera, accounting for 25.61% and 10.33% of the total number of isolates, respectively. In plate standoff experiments, Trichoderma harzianum showed significant inhibition of all six plant pathogens, with inhibition rate of Colletotrichum loeosporium, Phytophthora parasitica, Rhizotonia cerealis, Cercospora nicotianae, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Fusarium graminearum 77.13%, 70.77%, 75.30%, 78.26%, 81.07% and 86.50%, respectively. Chaetomium globosum inhibited Rhizotonia cerealis by 64.98% in the solid secondary metabolite inhibition assay at the concentration of 100 mg/mL. Alternaria sesame inhibited Fusarium graminearum by 63.29% in the liquid secondary metabolite inhibition assay at the concentration of 100 mg/mL.
      Conclusion The endophytic fungal community structure of P. lactiflora roots is abundant, and the endophytic fungi of plants in different growth years have certain differences. The antimicrobial activities of endophytic fungi and their secondary metabolites from the roots of P. lactiflora provide a reference for the development of eco-friendly antimicrobial agents.

       

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