Abstract: Hainan Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi), as important agricultural production areas in China, are affected by factors such as climate and soil conditions. Both regions experience relatively high pesticide usage to boost crop yields. However, this practice has resulted in increased pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, along with the widespread detection of pesticide components in environmental media, including soil, water, and sediment, which in turn poses adverse effects on both the environment and human health. This article offers an overview of the current situation of pesticide pollution in fruits, vegetables, soil, water bodies, and sediments in Hainan and Guangxi, as well as the exposure of organisms to pesticides. The aim is to provide a comprehensive reference for understanding the pollution situation and enhancing scientific supervision in Hainan and Guangxi.