Abstract: Objective: To observe the effect of pretreatment with ginsenoside Rb1 in vivo on store-operated calcium entry(SOCE) in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells of rats with chronic hypoxia(CH) pulmonary hypertension. Methods: Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group(control group), CH pulmonary hypertension model group(CH group) and Rb1(30 mg/kg) group, with 10 rats in each group. The right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricular mass index, and pulmonary artery vascular tension in each group were measured. The pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells of rats were cultured in vitro, and the free Ca²⁺concentration was detected by cell dynamic fluorescence. The gene and protein expressions of stromal interaction molecule 2(STIM2) and calcium release-activated calcium modulator 2(Orai2) were detected by real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Results: Compared with the NC group, the right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricular mass index of the rats in the Rb1 group were significantly lower(P<0.01), the cyclopiazonic acid(CPA)-induced pulmonary artery constriction tension and intracellular calcium influx were significantly reduced(P<0.01), and STIM2, Orai2 mRNA as well as protein expression of relative amount were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion: Rb1 can significantly improve the pulmonary artery pressure in CH rats with pulmonary hypertension, and the mechanism may be related to the reduction of SOCE function and the expression of STIM2 and Orai2 in pulmonary artery.