Abstract: In recent years, the high incidence of liver diseases in China has become a major obstacle to the implementation of the Healthy China strategy. It is mainly closely related to the complexity and diversity of the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Finding and developing liver protection drugs with high overall efficacy has always been a common challenge faced by mankind. Traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of rich biological activity, high safety and low cost, and is an important means to prevent and treat liver diseases. This paper analyzes the mechanism of various types of acute liver injury in recent years and summarizes the mechanism of action of some classical Chinese medicines in treating acute liver injury, aiming to provide new ideas for the treatment of related diseases.