Abstract: Objective: To analyze the risk factors of diabetic nephropathy(DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and construct a Nomogram risk prediction model. Methods: A total of 200 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2020 to December 2022were selected as the study subjects and divided into the combined DN group(n=76) and the uncomplicated DN group(n=124) according to whether they were complicated with DN, and the general data and blood biochemical indexes of all the patients were collected. The influencing factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients' complication with DN were analyzed by multifactorial logistic regression and the Nomogram risk prediction model was constructed by R language software 4.0 “rms” package. Results: The proportion of patients with a duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus≥10 years and the proportion of patients with hypertension in the combined DN group were significantly higher than those in the uncomplicated DN group(P＜0.05). The levels of total cholesterol(TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP), glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc), urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER), creatinine(Cr), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), and cystatin C(Cys C) in the combined DN group were significantly higher than those in the uncombined DN group(P＜ 0.05) and the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), serum C-peptide(FCP) and glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) in patients in the combined DN group were significantly lower than those in patients in the combined DN group(P＜0.05). The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that a duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus≥10 years, combined hypertension, HbAlc, UAER, PMPs, and Cys C were the independent risk factors for DN complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(P＜0.05). The concordance index(C-index) of Nomogram risk prediction model for predicting DN in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was 0.786(95% CI: 0.681-0.877) and the calibration curve tended to the ideal curve, indicating that the model had good accuracy. Conclusion: The duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus≥10 years, combined hypertension,HbAlc, UAER, PMPs, and Cys C are independent risk factors for DN complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the Nomogram risk prediction model constructed on the basis of serologic indicators can more accurately assess the risk of DN occurrence.