慢性非传染性疾病病因研究内容与方法的发展趋势

Development trends of etiological research contents and methods of chronic non-communicable diseases

  • 摘要: 慢性非传染性疾病(简称慢性病)具有起病隐匿、病程长、病情迁延不愈的特点,并且呈现动态发展过程,其病因具有多效性、稳健性和重塑性特性,因而使人体的健康状态和疾病过程呈现一种相互交织的网络形态。因此,需要打破还原论的静态思维,在研究策略上向系统生物学的复杂性思维转变。充分发挥多组学技术优势,以整合理念为核心,关注研究对象在基因组—暴露组—表型组多层次的相互作用,揭示疾病在全生命周期中不同阶段、不同组学层次间呈现的动态性、多效性、适应性的网络关联。将研究的视角从“单一疾病”转变为“多病”医学,以“疾病为导向”转变为“以人为导向”,从多维度、多层次、多时点的病因网络出发,探明在慢性病发生发展过程中发挥关键作用的分子标志物集群已成为慢性病病因学研究的前沿热点。

     

    Abstract: Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) are characterized by insidious onset, long duration, and persistent progression, with their etiology often involving dynamic developmental processes.They exhibit pleiotropy, robustness, and rewiring, forming an intertwined network of health status and disease processes within the human body.Therefore, in terms of research strategies, it is necessary to break away from reductionist static concept and shift towards the complexity concept of systems biology.By leveraging the advantages of multiomics technologies and emphasizing the integration concept, we should focus on the interactions among the genome, exposome, and phenome at multiple omics levels, unveiling the dynamic, pleiotropic, and adaptive network correlations across different stages and levels throughout the lifespan.The research perspective should shift from a "single disease" approach to "multi-disease" medicine, and from a "disease-oriented" approach to a "person-oriented" approach.Starting from a multidimensional, multilevel, and multi-time point causal network, the identification of key clusters of molecular biomarkers that play crucial roles in the occurrence and development of CNCDs has become a cutting-edge focus in etiological research on CNCDs.

     

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