Abstract: Objective:To investigate the distribution of Smyca gene polymorphism and its effect on metabolic indicators related to aging in longevity population in Hongshui River basin of Guangxi.Methods:PCR-Sanger sequencing method was used to detect Smyca gene polymorphism in 95 long-lived elderly(longevity group, age ≥90 years old) and 94 local healthy elderly (control group, age 60-75 years old) in Hongshui River basin of Guangxi.Haploview analysis was used to analyze the linkage disequilibrium(LD)of haplotypes, and the haploid carrying status and longevity risk assessment was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.Results:Nine polymorphisms were detected in Smyca gene.The frequencies of rs2594713 AA genotype and allele A in the longevity group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the frequencies of CC genotype and allele C in the longevity group were higher than those in the control group (both P< 0.05).There were no significant differences in the distribution of other genotypes and alleles between the two groups(P> 0.05).High LD was observed among the loci of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely rs2594713, rs7255672 and rs62 122064; ATA haplotype frequency in the longevity group was lower than that in the control group(P< 0.05); in the longevity population, carriers of the wild homozygous type of rs2594713, rs7255672 and rs62122064 had lower triglyceride (TG) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels compared to carriers of the mutant type (both P< 0.05), and there were no significant differences in other metabolic indicators between the wild-type purification and the mutant type (P> 0.05).Conclusion:The genotypes of some polymorphic loci of Smyca are significantly correlated with metabolic indicators.Moreover, there are genetically meaningful haplotypes and LD relationships among the three SNPs loci of Smyca gene, and the haplotype ATA may reduce the probability of longevity.