Abstract: Objective: To analyze the survival status and influencing factors of newly HIV/AIDS cases with seroconversion within 2 years after two human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screenings in Qintang district, Guigang city, so as to provide a basis for better HIV prevention and treatment and improve the survival rate of patients.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the mortality and survival rate of HIV/AIDS patients newly reported from Qintang District of Guigang City from January 2013 to June 2017 with negative test records in the last 2 years.The mortality rates of treated and untreated patients were calculated respectively.A retrospective cohort study was used to analyze the mortality and survival rate of newly reported new HIV infection cases who had a negative test record within the last 2 years in Qintang district, Guigang city from March 2013 to June 2017, and to calculate the fatality rates of treated and untreated patients, respectively.The multivariate Cox proportional hazard model were used to analyze the influencing factors of patients’survival by multivariate analysis.Results: The fatality rate of treated patients was 1.8/100 person-years, and the fatality rate of untreated patients was 39.6/100 person-years.The mortality and survival rates of the overall patients at the first, third and fifth year after follow-up were 11.98%, 6.54%, 9.92%, and 88.02%, 74.48%, and 63.33%, respectively.The results of multivariate analysis showed that age ≥50 years old, no antiviral treatment, and first CD4⁺T lymphocytes ≤200 cells/μL were independent risk factors for patients’survival (all P＜ 0.05).Conclusion: The survival rate of newly infected HIV/AIDS cases within 2 years in Qintang district of Guigang city is low.It is necessary to strengthen the propaganda and expand HIV screening in the population.In addition, early detection, early diagnosis and early antiretroviral are the effective measures to reduce the mortality rate and increase survival life expectancy.