Abstract: Innate immunity plays a crucial role in cryptococcal infection.The first step for the host to establish an effective immune response to cryptococcal infection is to recognize the cryptococcal pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) through pattern recognition receptors (PRR) expressed by innate immune response cells.Then intracellular signaling cascades are triggered involving many proteins (splenic tyrosine kinase and caspase recruitment domain-containg protein 9, etc.).In this review, we summarize the mutual recognition mechanism between the innate immune response cell pattern recognition receptor Dectin-1 and cryptococcal pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and discuss the role of Dectin-1 signaling pathway in host immunity against cryptococcal infection and its potential application in the development of cryptococcal drugs and vaccine adjuvants.